The hoary old computer axiom, Garbage in, garbage out was turned on its head to be Garbage out, garbage back in, in a case of a lawyer whose computer file backups were corrupted, and made unusable, by a computer virus.

Lawyers who utilize laptop computers in their practice must be especially careful in protecting them because of the confidential and privileged client information they contain and the lawyer's heightened ethical and professional duty to protect such information.

A letter duly mailed is presumed received by the addressee. A letter is considered "duly mailed" when placed in an envelope with the recipient's correct address, stamped with sufficient postage, and deposited in the mail. To establish the presumption of receipt, document the steps taken in mailing the letter.

Serious ethics and malpractice issues arise for lawyers representing clients on limited terms.